Dear Students,
General Knowledge is very vast and many students do not know from where to start. we are dividing various topics of General Knowledge and providing you with notes so that you can ace these exams. Today we are here with the list of Important International Organizations & headquarters for Defence exams. Go through the detailed study notes for International organizations here.
International Organisations & Headquarters
1. World Bank
Founded in
1945
Headquarters
Washington D.C. (U.S.A.)
India and World Bank
India was one of the 17 countries, prepared the agenda for the Bretton Woods Conference (June 1944), it is a founding member of WB
Remarks
The World Bank Group works in every major area of development. It provides a wide array of financial products and technical assistance, and help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and solutions to the challenges they face.
2. International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Founded in
1944
Headquarters
Washington D.C. (U.S.A.)
Members
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an organization of 189 countries.
India and IMF
India joined the IMF on December 27, 1945, as one of the IMF's original members.
Remarks
The IMF's primary purpose is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system—the system of exchange rates and international payments that enables countries (and their citizens) to transact with each other. The Fund's mandate was updated in 2012 to include all macroeconomic and financial sector issues that bear on global stability solutions to the challenges they face.
3. World Trade Organization (WTO)
Founded in
1 January 1995
Headquarters
Geneva, Switzerland
Members
The WTO has 164 members and 22 observer governments. Liberia became the 163rd member on 14 July 2016, and Afghanistan became the 164th member on 29 July 2016.
India and WTO
India has been a WTO member since 1 January 1995 and a member of GATT since 8 July 1948.
Remarks
The WTO provides a forum for negotiating agreements aimed at reducing obstacles to international trade and ensuring a level playing field for all, thus contributing to economic growth and development. their interpretation and application. The current body of trade agreements comprising the WTO consists of 16 different multilateral agreements (to which all WTO members are parties) and two different plurilateral agreements (to which only some WTO members are parties).
4. Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
Founded in
May 17, 1930
Headquarters
Basel, Switzerland.
Members
It is an Organization of 60 Central Banks of different countries
RBI is among its members
Remarks
The mission of the BIS is to serve central banks in their pursuit of monetary and financial stability, to foster international cooperation in those areas and to act as a bank for central banks.
5. World Economic Forum (WEF)
Founded in
1971
Headquarters
Geneva, Switzerland.
Members
The World Economic Forum provides a platform for the world’s 1,000 leading companies to shape a better future. As a membership organization, the Forum engages businesses in projects and initiatives – online and offline – to address industry, regional and systemic issues.
Remarks
The World Economic Forum, committed to improving the state of the world, is the International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation.
The Forum engages the foremost political, business and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas.
6. The Asian Development Bank
Founded in
19 December 1966
Headquarters
Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines
Members
From 31 members at its establishment in 1966, ADB has grown to encompass 67 members—of which 48 are from within Asia and the Pacific and 19 outside.
India and ADB
India is a founding member of the ADB and is now the fourth largest shareholder.
Remarks
The Asian Development Bank aims for an Asia and Pacific free from poverty. Its mission is to help developing member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people.
As a multilateral development finance institution, ADB provides:
loanstechnical assistancegrants
7. New Development Bank
Founded in
During the sixth BRICS Summit in Fortaleza (2014), the leaders of BRICS nations signed the Agreement establishing the New Development Bank (NDB).
Headquarters
Shanghai, China
Members
Bank’s Articles of Agreement specify that all members of the United Nations could be members of the bank, however, the share of the BRICS nations can never be less than 55% of voting power.
At present BRICS nations are the members of NDB
India and NDB
As a member of BRICS, India are one of the founding members of NDB, India has 20% shareholding and 20% of voting rights in NDB.
Remarks
The Bank will provide technical and financial assistance for projects to be supported by the NDB and engage in information, cultural and personnel exchanges with the purpose of contributing to the achievement of environmental and social sustainability.
8. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
Founded in
16 January 2016 (Open for business)25 December 2015 (Entry into force Articles of Agreement)
Headquarters
Beijing, China
Members
The bank currently has 56-member states while another 24 are prospective members for a total of 80 approved members.
India and AIIB
Fund Shares of countries-
China- 30.34 %
India- 8.52 %
Russia- 6.66 %
Voting shares of countries-
China- 26.06 %
India- 7.5 %
Russia- 5.92 %
Remarks
AIIB offers sovereign and non-sovereign financing for sound and sustainable projects in energy and power, transportation and telecommunications, rural infrastructure and agriculture development, water supply, and sanitation, environmental protection, and urban development and logistics.
9. European Union
Founded in
1 November 1993
Headquarters
Brussels, Belgium
Members
28 European countries
Remarks
Treaty of Maastricht established the European Union in 1992. Recently United Kingdom has initiated a process for withdrawing from EU.
10. Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
Founded in
1967
Headquarters
Jakarta, Indonesia
Members
Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand (Founding members), Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam.
Remarks
ASEAN promotes Pan-Asianism and intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, military, educational and cultural integration amongst its members and Asian states.
Head
Chairman- Rodrigo Duterte
Secretary-General- Le Luong Minh
11. SAARC
Founded in
1985
HQ
Kathmandu(Nepal)
Member
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, the Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka
Remark
The organization promotes the development of economic and regional integration. It launched the South Asian Free Trade Area in 2006.
12. Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)
Founded in
1997
HQ
Dhaka, Bangladesh
India and BIMSTEC
Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bhutan and Nepal
Remark
The BIMSTEC states are among the countries dependent on the Bay of Bengal
13. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
Founded in
15 June 2001
Headquarter
Beijing, China
Member
China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan, India, and Pakistan
14. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Founded in
4th April 1949
Headquarters
Brussels, Belgium
Members
NATO is an alliance that consists of 29 independent member countries across North America and Europe.
Remarks
NATO constitutes a system of collective defense whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. Three NATO members (the United States, France, and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states.
15. Nuclear Supplier Group(NSG)
Founded in
1974
India and NSG
India is not a member of NSG
Important facts about NSG
It is a group of nuclear supplier countries that seek to prevent nuclear proliferation by controlling the export of materials, equipment, and technology that can be used to manufacture nuclear weapons.It has also been referred to as the London Group, or the London Suppliers Group.
16. International Court of Justice(ICJ)
Founded in
1945
Headquarter
Hague, Netherland
India and ICJ
India is a member of ICJ
The important fact about ICJ
The Court has a twofold role: to settle, in accordance with international law, legal disputes submitted to it by States (Contentious cases) and to give advisory opinions (Advisory proceedings) on legal questions referred to it by duly authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.
17. The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
Founded in
15 May 1992 (as Collective Security Treaty)
7 Oct 2002 (as Collective Security Treaty Organization)
Headquarters
Moscow, Russia
Members
6 members and 2 observers
18. International Renewable Energy Agency(IRENA)
Founded in
2009
Headquarter
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
India and IRENA
India is a member of IRENA
Important facts about IRENA
Supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future and serves as the principal platform for international cooperation, a center of excellence, and a repository of policy, technology, resource and financial knowledge on renewable energy.
19. Amnesty International
Founded in
1961
Headquarter
London
Important facts about Amnesty International
Focused on human rights.The objective of the organization is "to conduct research and generate action to prevent and end abuses of human rights and to demand justice for those whose rights have been violated
India and Amnesty
HQ of Amnesty International in India is in Bangalore
20. Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
Established in
1987
India and MTCR
India became the 35th member on 27 June 2016.
Important Facts about MTCR
The objective to curb the spread of unmanned delivery systems for nuclear weapons, specifically delivery systems that could carry a payload of 500 kg for a distance of 300 km.It includes non-proliferation of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) for all weapons of mass destruction
Member Countries
35 members
21. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Founded in
1957
Headquarters
Vienna, Austria
Head
Yukiya Amano
India and IAEA
India is a member of IAEA
Important facts about IAEA
Was Widely known as the world’s “Atoms for Peace” organization within the United Nations family, the IAEA is the international center for cooperation in the nuclear field.
22. International Solar Alliance (ISA)
Founded in
2015
Headquarter
Gurugram
India and ISA
India is a founding member of ISA
Important facts about ISA
Alliance of more than 121 countries, most of them being sunshine countries, which come either completely or partly between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.Launched by India at the India Africa Summit, and a meeting of member countries ahead of the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris in November 2015
Member Countries
121 members
23. OPCW (Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons)
Established in
1997
Headquarters
The Hague, Netherlands
India and OPCW
India is a permanent member
Important facts about OPCW
Preventing chemical weapons used in warfare, thereby strengthening international security.
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