Kunming Declaration at the first meeting of the COP-15 conference of the Convention on Biological Diversity in Kunming city of China in 2021 (the second meeting was recently held in Montreal city of Canada)

Kunming Declaration at the first meeting of the COP-15 conference of the Convention on Biological Diversity in Kunming city of China in 2021 (the second meeting was recently held in Montreal city of Canada)

Whose goals are to be achieved by 2030It is to replace the Aichi Targets (2011-2020) which contained 20 targets adopted by the city of Aichi, Japan in 2010.

The second meeting was to be held in China this year but due to Covid it was shifted to Canada where finally the Kunming-Montreal Declaration was adopted in which 27 Biodiversity Targets and Objectives (4 Targets and 23 Objectives) are to be achieved by 2030.

30 by 30 Target(30*30)

The declaration made reference to the '30 by 30' goal, a key proposal debated at COP15, to bring 30% of Earth's land and oceans to protected status by 2030.

In addition, the goal of halving the use of chemicals in agriculture and stopping the creation of plastic waste is also being debated.

Key objectives of the Global Biodiversity Framework:Kunming-Montrial Framework(COP-15,CBD)

30x30 Agreement:

Restore 30% of degraded ecosystems globally (on land and water) by 2030.

To conserve and manage 30% of the areas (terrestrial, inland waters and coastal and marine) by the year 2030.

Stop the extinction of known species and reduce the extinction risk and rate of all species (including unknown) tenfold by the year 2050.

To reduce pesticide exposure by 50% by 2030.

Improve nutrient deficiencies by 2030.

By 2030, reduce the risks and negative effects of pollution from all sources to levels that are no longer harmful to biodiversity and ecosystem functions.

By 2030, reduce the global footprint of consumption, including reducing excessive consumption and waste production, and preventing food waste.

To sustainably manage areas under agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry and substantially increase agro-ecology and other biodiversity-friendly practices.

Tackling climate change through nature-based solutions.

To reduce the rate of introduction and persistence of new exotic species by 50% by 2030.

Secure the safe, legal and sustainable use and trade of wild species by 2030.

Greening of urban areas